Applied software  DIESEL-2/4t Capabilities and structure

DIESEL-RK: is a new generation of  DIESEL-2/4t software with Windows XP interface.

New features:
   - Calculation of NO emission is carried out by the newest technique with using of Zeldovich mechanism on the base of chemical equilibrium estimated by 18 component.
  - EGR system simulation.
  - High accuracy of diesel simulation over whole operating range.
  - Simulation of diesel combustion at split fuel  injection. 
  - Common Rail control algoritnm development.  

DIESEL-RK on the web.

The program DIESEL-2/4t is designed for simulating and optimizing  working processes of two- and four-stroke internal combustion engines with all kinds of turbocharging schemes. The program allows carrying out calculations for:

• -  diesel engines;
• -  SI petrol engines with the injector system and the carburetor ;
• -  SI gas engines including pre-cup systems.

     The main capabilities of program DIESEL - 2/4t are similar to known programs WAVE (Ricardo) and BOOST (AVL). However, together with conventional abilities, the program DIESEL- 2/4t has new advanced abilities.

Calculation model of turb-/super-charged internal combustion engine

     In the program DIESEL - 2/4t, the broad set of the numerical methods for simulation of different physical processes in an engine is used. The set and detailing of considered physical phenomena can be rated by the expert by means of the analysis of the input data list of the program.
     The brief exposition of the used numerical methods are presented below. The results which are obtained by these methods are given too. The choice of mathematical models is stipulated by the requirements of a high accuracy of results, high rate of calculation and universality. The last condition is a reason of refusal from empirical equations, which are correct only in narrow boundaries. Authors have preferred frequently laborious methods which consider the physical nature of phenomena in engines. A number of calculation methods was developed by authors of this project.

• The parameters of gas in cylinders and manifolds of an engine are defined by step-by-step solution of the system of difference equations of conservation of energy, mass, and also equation of state written for open thermodynamic systems. The dependence of properties of gas on a composition and temperature is taken into account. The method of difference equations exceeds conventional ones in an accuracy and rate one-fifth as large.
  
  
• To calculate the combustion in petrol and gas engines including prechamber engines a multizone model is used. The rate of heat release can be calculated both by Vibe method and by calculation of moving of spherical flame front.
  
  
• Mixture formation and combustion in diesel engines are simulated by Prof. Razleytsev's method. This method, in further modified by Dr. Kuleshov, takes into account peculiarities of the injection characteristic and drop sizes, dynamics of development of fuel jets, interaction of jets with an air swirl and walls and also direction of jets in the combustion chamber. The method takes into account conditions of development of each fuel jet and wall surface flows generated by jets, and also interaction between wall surface flows. Developed by Prof. Razleytsev's method, allows to determine the emission of soot and emission of NOx depending on mixture formation and combustion conditions. The program allows to find the optimum of piston bowl shape, fuel jets direction, diameters and numbers of nozzles, intensity of air swirl and the injection characteristic. The latter can be imported from the program "INJECTION" .
  
  
• The mathematical model of gas exchange takes into account a non-steady gas flow in ducts, construction peculiarities of two-stroke engines, influence of the neighboring cylinders and the puls converter design. It allows to carry out computer optimizing the valve timing, and also determine the best configuration of intake and exhaust ports of two-stroke engines.
  
  
• Program DIESEL-2/4t allows to calculate the boundary conditions for 3D non-steady gas flow simulation code   NSF-3.
  
  
• The heat exchange is simulated separately for different surfaces. The surfaces temperatures are determined by the decision of a heat transfer equation. Coefficient of gas-walls heat transfer is determined by the Woschni's formula.
  
  
• The parameters of turbines and compressors are determined by two different ways.
  a) Gas-dynamic calculation of gas flow in the turbine or compressor. The losses are determined depending on a mode of flow and on angle of attack..
  b) Interpolation of parameters from the universal characteristics of these machines.
  The technique of joint calculation of the internal combustion engine and units of turbocharging on various regimes allows to predict the performances of supercharged engines:
  - at change of rotation speed,
  - at change of torque,
  - at change of height of flight,
  - at change of diving depth in the sea and others.
  Selection of turbocharge units for maintenance of the required characteristics of the supercharged engine is also possible.

Special features of the program DIESEL-2/4t

• To choose at ones several parameters of the supercharged engine program DIESEL-2/4t includes built-in code for optimizing engine parameters and its turbocharge units. A user can formulate the optimizing problem at his own way, and can also choose a method to solve this problem. The library of search procedures contains 14 methods of nonlinear programming for multi-dimensional problems and code of scanning for two-dimensional problems.
  

• The software has a special code of visualization of mixture formation in the combustion chamber of diesel engine: "Fuel Jet Visualization". This code allows step by step to observe development of fuel jets and their wall surface flows in the combustion chamber. The quantity of fuel supplied to characteristic zones of each jet is fixed in the diagrams. Thus, it allows in an optimum way to choose a direction of fuel jets that they not disturb each other, and that the maximum quantity of fuel got in zones with the best combustion conditions.
  
  
• The program has the friendly user's interface, the system of the built-in contextual help, the system of the automatic control of input data and the error diagnostic system.

Empirical coefficients, set-up of the program

      The program DIESEL-2/4t allows to simulate a working process of any type of internal combustion engines. Mathematical models featuring physical processes in engines, allows to achieve a high accuracy of results during numerical experiments.
      The experience of usage of the program DIESEL-2/4t with reference to engines with different size and assignment has shown that the program needs no preliminary set-up of used coefficients for a concrete engine. It is enough to use the set-up for analogous engine or “by default”.
      To obtain authentic calculation results, if you search for the ways of improvement of the engine performances or the ways of decrease of harmful materials emission, etc., it is expedient to carry out the comparison between calculated and measured data for a base engine configuration at several regimes. If necessary, it can carry out the additional set-up for a number of empirical coefficients.

      The amount of empirical coefficients is not great, and they are strictly constant for any operating regimes of engine and for any its configuration.

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Remote access to the DIESEL-RK software

     Now the version of DIESEL-RK, which supports the operation with remote users permanently works on the server of Piston Engines Department. You can work with the program DIESEL-RK from your workstation already now. The necessary software for remote access can be loaded by user from the server.

Examples of the results

     The program DIESEL-2/4t has been developed for more than 15 years. For this time, it has been verified with reference to engines of different sizes, rapidity and assignment. The mathematical models are in progress permanently; a circle of the problems solved has been expanded. The results of calculation were compared with experimental data of many authors (mainly with data of manufacturers).
    Some examples of usage of the program are given below.

	Calculation of parameters of the truck diesel KamAZ 7405 at the several operating regimes. Verification of the calculated data compared to experimental ones: integral parameters, curves of heat release, curves of pressure during combustion and gas exchange. The analysis of calculation results of   injected fuel allocation in characteristic zones.
	Analysis of allocation of injected fuel in characteristic zones of  combustion chamber for diesel engines with different conditions of a mixture formation.
	Calculation of a gas prechamber engine (diesel MTU 396 converted for operation on natural gas). Comparison between calculated and experimental curves of pressure in the cylinder.
	Numerical research of possibility to decrease a level of NOx emission of diesel engine by means of optimization of the piston bowl shape, by veering fuel jets development, by decrease of injector nozzles diameter, by increase of the compression ratio, etc.
	Multiparametric optimization of a medium-speed marine diesel at increase its capacity.

Our customers

     A lot of research projects was carried out  with code DIESEL-2/4t under the contracts with many companies - manufacturers of engines in Russia ("Kolomna plant", "GAZ", "KamAZ", "ZIL", "Zavolzhsky Engine Plant", "Vladimir plant", Yaroslavl "Autodiesel" etc.), with companies of aerospace branch (Ufa "Motor", "TsAGI", "Rybinsk Motors",   etc).  8 companies  - manufacturers of engines in Russia exploit the software DIESEL - 2/4t.

Last updated: May 29 2004.